When an individual is presented with a conditioned, aversive stimulus, it is processed within the right amygdala, producing an unpleasant or fearful response. Fear conditioning, which occurs when a neutral stimulus acquires aversive properties, occurs within the right hemisphere. It plays a role in the expression of fear and in the processing of fear-inducing stimuli. The right hemisphere of the amygdala is associated with negative emotion. The right and left portions of the amygdala have independent memory systems, but work together to store, encode, and interpret emotion. Įach side holds a specific function in how we perceive and process emotion. Other evidence suggests that the left amygdala plays a role in the brain's reward system. In contrast, stimulation of the left amygdala was able to induce either pleasant (happiness) or unpleasant (fear, anxiety, sadness) emotions. In one study, electrical stimulations of the right amygdala induced negative emotions, especially fear and sadness. Īnatomically, the amygdala, and more particularly its central and medial nuclei, have sometimes been classified as a part of the basal ganglia. The basolateral complex can be further subdivided into the lateral, the basal, and the accessory basal nuclei. Among these nuclei are the basolateral complex, the cortical nucleus, the medial nucleus, the central nucleus, and the intercalated cell clusters. The regions described as amygdala nuclei encompass several structures of the cerebrum with distinct connectional and functional characteristics in humans and other animals.
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